Patient exposure in medical X-ray imaging in Europe
Identifieur interne : 000744 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000743; suivant : 000745Patient exposure in medical X-ray imaging in Europe
Auteurs : Dieter F. Regulla [Allemagne] ; Heinrich Eder [Allemagne]Source :
- Radiation Protection Dosimetry [ 0144-8420 ] ; 2005-05-17.
Abstract
Patients are exposed to X rays when undergoing medical examinations in diagnostic radiology. Exposure data acquired and assessed in Germany for the year 1997 resulted in a mean annual effective dose of 2 ± 0.5 mSv per head of the population, thereby reaching or exceeding the average level of environmental radiation in many cases. The underlying frequency of medical X-ray examinations was ≈136 million, i.e. ≈1.7 examinations annually per head of the population. For comparison, corresponding data of other countries were extracted from the UNSCEAR 2000 report or originate from the literature. Data analysis shows significant differences in national radiological practices and a very uneven distribution of patient doses amongst the world population. The mean annual effective dose per head of the population varies by up to a factor of 60 between health care level I and IV countries, and still by a factor of ≈6 within health care level I countries. While projection radiography has succeeded in reducing dose consumption, computed tomography and radiological interventions have given rise to a significant growth of patient exposure, and interventional radiology can even exceed thresholds for deterministic radiation effects. Patient exposure is further shown to result from misadministration and retakes of X-ray examinations, usually not registered, as well as from technical failures of X-ray facilities, which can cause significantly enhanced exposure times. Corresponding data are presented and comments are made on the international situation of non-harmonised data collection on patient exposure as well as of parameters affecting the assessment of exposure and risk.
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DOI: 10.1093/rpd/nch538
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Regulla</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Institute of Radiation Protection, 85764 Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>85764 Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>85764 Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country wicri:rule="url">Allemagne</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eder, Heinrich" sort="Eder, Heinrich" uniqKey="Eder H" first="Heinrich" last="Eder">Heinrich Eder</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Bavarian State Authority for Occupational Safety and Health (LfAS), 80538 Munich</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Radiation Protection Dosimetry</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Radiat Prot Dosimetry</title><idno type="ISSN">0144-8420</idno><idno type="eISSN">1742-3406</idno><imprint><publisher>Oxford University Press</publisher><date type="published" when="2005-05-17">2005-05-17</date><biblScope unit="volume">114</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1-3</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="11">11</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="25">25</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0144-8420</idno></series><idno type="istex">A14E02AA8EEE231919C47DAD134468AE9DF3AD17</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1093/rpd/nch538</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0144-8420</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Patients are exposed to X rays when undergoing medical examinations in diagnostic radiology. Exposure data acquired and assessed in Germany for the year 1997 resulted in a mean annual effective dose of 2 ± 0.5 mSv per head of the population, thereby reaching or exceeding the average level of environmental radiation in many cases. The underlying frequency of medical X-ray examinations was ≈136 million, i.e. ≈1.7 examinations annually per head of the population. For comparison, corresponding data of other countries were extracted from the UNSCEAR 2000 report or originate from the literature. Data analysis shows significant differences in national radiological practices and a very uneven distribution of patient doses amongst the world population. The mean annual effective dose per head of the population varies by up to a factor of 60 between health care level I and IV countries, and still by a factor of ≈6 within health care level I countries. While projection radiography has succeeded in reducing dose consumption, computed tomography and radiological interventions have given rise to a significant growth of patient exposure, and interventional radiology can even exceed thresholds for deterministic radiation effects. Patient exposure is further shown to result from misadministration and retakes of X-ray examinations, usually not registered, as well as from technical failures of X-ray facilities, which can cause significantly enhanced exposure times. Corresponding data are presented and comments are made on the international situation of non-harmonised data collection on patient exposure as well as of parameters affecting the assessment of exposure and risk.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li></country><region><li>Bavière</li><li>District de Haute-Bavière</li></region><settlement><li>Munich</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="Allemagne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Regulla, Dieter F" sort="Regulla, Dieter F" uniqKey="Regulla D" first="Dieter F." last="Regulla">Dieter F. Regulla</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Eder, Heinrich" sort="Eder, Heinrich" uniqKey="Eder H" first="Heinrich" last="Eder">Heinrich Eder</name><name sortKey="Regulla, Dieter F" sort="Regulla, Dieter F" uniqKey="Regulla D" first="Dieter F." last="Regulla">Dieter F. Regulla</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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